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FIGHTING SHIPS OF THE WORLD
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
SUBMARINES
"G" submarines (SEAL (G1)) (1912 - 1915)


Photo



G1 1917

Ships


No Name Yard No Builder Laid down Launched Comm Fate
SS19½, 1920- SS20 G1 (ex-Seal) 119 Newport News 2.1909 8.2.1911 10.1912 stricken 3.1920
SS26 G4 (ex-Thrasher) 354 Cramp, Philadelphia 7.1910 15.8.1912 1.1914 stricken 9.1919
SS27 G2 (ex-Tuna) 120 Lake, Bridgeport 10.1909 10.1.1912 2.1915 stricken 4.1919
SS31 G3 (ex-Turbot)   Lake, Bridgeport 3.1911 27.12.1913 3.1915 stricken 5.1921


Technical data


Displacement standard, t 
Displacement normal, t

SS19½, 27: 400 / 516

SS26: 360 / 457

SS31: 393 / 460

Length, m

49.1

Breadth, m

4.00

Draught, m

3.80

No of shafts

2

Machinery

SS19½, 27: 4 White & Middleton petrol engines / 2 electric motors

SS26: 2 Fiat petrol engines / 2 electric motors

SS31: 4 Busch-Sulzer diesels / 2 electric motors

Power, h. p.

SS19½, 27: 1200 / 520

SS26: 1000 / 400

SS31: 1200 / 600

Max speed, kts

SS19½, 27: 14 / 10

SS26, 31: 14 / 9.5

Fuel, t

SS19½, 27: petrol 35

SS26: petrol 22

SS31: diesel oil 39

Endurance, nm(kts)

SS19½, 27, 31: 2500 (8) / 70 (5)

SS26: 1680 (8) / 40 (5)

Armament

SS19½: 6 - 450 TT (bow, 6)

SS26: 4 - 450 TT (bow, 8)

SS27: 4 - 450 TT (bow, 4)

SS31: 6 - 450 TT (bow, 10)

Complement

SS19½, 26, 27: 24

SS31: 25

Diving depth operational, m60


Standard scale images


<i>G4</i> 1912
G4 1912


Graphics


<i>G1</i> 1917
G1 1917


Project history

This was a group of single designs, out of the mainstream of US submarine development: G1, G2 and G4 were the last USN submarines powered by petrol engines. All three experienced engine trouble, the Lake craft apparently due to the use of four engines and weak engine foundations, the Cramp boat due to light machinery installation. As a result, the forward engines were removed from G1 and G2 had to be returned to Lake for further trials. G1 was a Lake design, whose contract was awarded parallel to those for C2-C5 and D1-D3, under the Act of March 1907. She was purchased only after considerable agitation for competition in submarine design, and in fact no submarines were requested at the time she was bought. She was, therefore, essentially a private-venture boat, and she was unique in the US Navy in having a fractional hull number, changed to a whole number only after the ship bearing it had been lost in 1917. The Lake G2 was bought the following year (Act of May 1908) with the American Laurenti G4. The Lake G3 was bought under the Act of March 1909.

The contract for G1 provided that she would be purchased only if she could prove the equal of the best boat then owned by the US government, which, at the time of the agreement, was the Octopus (C1). She was completed in 1912, almost 2.5 years overdue; G2 was similarly late, apparently due in part to the failure of the original Lake Company, which reorganised in 1915 as the Lake Torpedo Boat Company.

Except for the light construction of the diving plane supports and the stern arrangement, G1 was considered satisfactory. She had an unusual feature, a watertight superstructure above the pressure hull. This did not add to sea-keeping abilities, and it was deleted from later Lake-designed craft.

G4 suffered from both structural and machinery problems, and was almost three years overdue. Her surface range was 1680nm at 8kts and the underwater range was only 40nm at 5kts. Laurenti employed pressure hulls which were not circular in section, and consequently had to use extra framing to brace them; that in turn made his submarines overweight.

Modernizations

1915, G1: 2 petrol engines were removed (600 / 520 hp).

Naval service

No significant events.