NAVYPEDIA

Photo

Moskva 1940

Ships

Name	No	Yard No	Builder	Laid down	Launched	Comp	Fate
Ленинград [Leningrad]		450	190 Zhdanov Yd, Leningrad	11.1932	17.11.1933	12.1936	target 4.1958
Харьков [Kharkov]		223	198 Marti Yd, Nikolayev	10.1932	9.9.1934	11.1938	sunk 6.10.1943
Москва [Moskva]		224	198 Marti Yd, Nikolayev	10.1932	30.10.1934	8.1938	sunk 26.6.1941

Technical data

Displacement standard, t	2032
Displacement full, t	2582
Length, m	127.5
Breadth, m	11.7
Draught, m	4.06 mean 4.18 max
No of shafts	3
Machinery	3 geared steam turbines sets, 3 water-tube boilers
Power, h. p.	66000
Max speed, kts	36
Fuel, t	oil 613
Endurance, nm(kts)	2100(20)
Armament	5 x 1 - 130/50 B-13, 2 x 1 - 76/52 34K, 2 x 1 - 45/43 21K, 4 x 1 - 12.7/79, 2 x 4 - 533 TT, 2 DCR (25), 76 mines
Electronic equipment	Mars hydrophone
Complement	250

Graphics

Project history

First combat ships designed and built in the USSR after a long-term break, called by revolution and civil war. The design assignment of the first Soviet destroyer leader has been approved 1.11.1928 (preliminary works were conducted since 1925). It provided creation of large ship, on armament and speed exceeding as available Noviks, and the majority foreign destroyers. The basic project 1 was approved in February, 1930, and in the end of 1932 under it building of 2 ships for Black Sea Fleet and 1 for Baltic Fleet was begun.     Hulls of project 1 leaders differed by considerable slenderness, sharp stern streamlines, and also absence of propeller shafts A-brackets: they were replaced by so-called "trousers". Triple-shaft machinery was placed en echelon in five compartments. It has predetermined a characteristic outline profile with two widely placed funnels and a high fore superstructure. Leaders received new B-13 130mm/50 guns, but their long-term development has delayed commission of ships. Besides, gun No3 was placed unsuccessfully and had limited arcs of fire. Fire control system was Italian by Galileo. 533mm TTs were applied for the first time in the Russian / Soviet Navy. The original design provided seaplane, but later it was refused.

On trials all ships have significantly exceeded a designed speed. Leningrad has shown 43kts at 2225t and 67250hp; Moskva 43.57kts at 2330t and 77725hp. However the insufficient hull strength, crankiness and bad manoevreability on low speed were been revealed. In a result, after formal commission Leningrad spent two years at the shipyard for elimination of defects. Following 3 ships (Minsk, Kiev and Tiflis) were built under improved project 38. The basic differences consisted in more full stern form and application of usual A-brackets for propeller shafts. On the speed they yielded to predecessors, having shown on trials 40-40.7kts.

In January, 1949 Leningrad was re-rated as destroyer.

Modernizations

early 1942, Kharkov: - 2 x 1 - 45/43; + 6 x 1 - 37/63 70K, 4 x 2 - 12.7/90

early 1942, Leningrad: - 2 x 1 - 45/43; + 1 x 2 - 76/52 81K, 4 x 1 - 37/63 70K, 1 x 2 - 37/80 SK C/30, 4 x 1 - 12.7/79

late 1942, Kharkov: + 2 x 1 - 37/63 70K

1944, Leningrad: - 1 x 2 - 37/80; + 2 x 1 - 37/63 70K, type 291, SF radars

1/1946, Leningrad: 5 x 1 - 130/51 B-13, 1 x 2 - 76/55 81K, 2 x 1 - 76/55 34K, 6 x 1 - 37/73 70K, 8 x 1 - 12.7/79, 2 x 4 - 533 TT, 2 DCR (25), 76 mines, type 284 radar

1954, Leningrad: was armed with 5 x 1 - 130/51 B-13, 4 x 2 - 37/70 V-11, 2 x 4 - 533 TT, 2 DCT, 2 DCR (67), 76 mines, Giuys-1, Rif-1, Vympel-2 radars, Tamir-5N sonar; max speed was 34 - 35kts.

Naval service

To the beginning of Great Patriotic War Leningrad served on Baltic, Moskva and Kharkov on Black Sea.    Moskva was lost 26.6.1941 on Romanian mines at Constanza. Kharkov was sunk 6.10.1943 by German aircraft S of Yalta (Crimea).